Just because he’s having (unprotected) sex doesn’t mean he doesn’t have simple infectious mononucleosis. The sex implies he’s also kissing someone! Pharyngitis + lymph nodes + fatigue = mono.

Histamine plays a major role in the cardinal signs of inflammation. It helps mediate vasodilation and vascular permeability (via endothelial cell contraction). These two functions are already contrary to A, B, C, and D. By increasing fluid in the interstitial space, you can reason that there will be increased lymph flow.

So the best i could find was in First Aid 2019 pg 346 under Diabetic Ketoacidosis. The hyperglycemia and hyperkalemia cause an osmotic diuresis so the entire body gets depleted of fluids. Hence why part of the treatment for DKA is IV fluids. You might even rely on that piece of information alone to answer this question, that DKA is treated with IV fluids.

Why is it that the pulmonary capillary wedge preesssuree is increased? on pg. 307 of FA 2019 it says it can be increased or decreased :/

Can someone explain what the picture is supposed to show? Is it supposed to be segmented neutrophils?

Maintenance dose formula is (Css × Cl × tau) ÷ F

where Css is steady-state target plasma conc. of drug, Cl is clearance, tau is dosage interval & F is bioavailability.

Neither dosage interval nor bioavailability is given, so ignoring those & plugging in the numbers (careful to convert units to mg/kg/day):

=(12 ug/mL × 1 mg/1000 ug) × (0.09 L/hr/kg × 1000 mL/1 L × 24 hr/1 day)
= 25.92 mg/kg/day

...which isn't any of the answer choices listed. They must have rounded 0.09 L/hr/kg to 0.1 L/hr/kg, and doing so gives exactly 28.8 mg/kg/day (choice C)

which letter is CN IX in this diagram?

First heart sound (S1) is generated by two heart valves: the mitral valve and tricuspid valve. Nearly simultaneous closing of these valves normally generates a single S1 sound. Splitting of the S1 sound is heard when mitral and tricuspid valves close at slightly different times, with usually the mitral closing before tricuspid

First heart sound (S1) is generated by two heart valves: the mitral valve and tricuspid valve. Nearly simultaneous closing of these valves normally generates a single S1 sound. Splitting of the S1 sound is heard when mitral and tricuspid valves close at slightly different times, with usually the mitral closing before tricuspid

Type I Diabetes is characterized as the destruction of pancreatic islets (specifically beta cells) by T-cells. The most likely cause for hypoglycemia following insulin administration, therefore, is the destruction of alpha cells that surround the beta cells. This would cause decreased levels of circulating glucagon.

p53 is mutated and cant bind the TATA box, so what happens to transcription of inhibitory proteins?

Is basically what this question is trying to ask...

So no TATA box promoter => Decreased binding of RNA polymerase

sketchy says that kaposi's has infiltrating lymphocytes, so why would large aggregates of atypical lymphocytes be incorrect?

If some one can help me understand bc im a bit confused. I understand the thought process and I realized that this was an AR disease and I also got the 1/4 affected, 1/2 carrier and 1/4 unaffected. But I chose 0% bc I figured if it was an AR disease the 1 child already diseased was homozygous affected (1/4 affected). Which lead me to think that the other sister was either a carrier or not affected at all. Am I just over thinking this or am I not fully understanding whats going on?

Just note why other answers are not correct:

1. Egophony is an increased resonance of voice sounds heard when auscultating the lungs, often caused by lung consolidation and fibrosis.

   • a. It is due to enhanced transmission of high-frequency sound across fluid, such as in abnormal lung tissue, with lower frequencies filtered out.

2. Whispered pectoriloquy refers to an increased loudness of whispering noted during auscultation with a stethoscope on the lung fields on a patient’s torso.

   • a. Usually spoken sounds of a whispered volume by the patient would not be heard by the clinician auscultating a lung field with a stethoscope.

   • b. However, in areas of the lung where there is lung consolidation, these whispered spoken sounds by the patient (such as saying ‘ninety-nine’) will be clearly heard through the stethoscope.

   • c. This increase in sound exists because sound travels faster and thus with lower loss of intensity through liquid or solid (“fluid mass” or “solid mass,” respectively, in the lung) versus gaseous (air in the lung) media.

   • d. Whispered pectoriloquy is a clinical test typically performed during a medical physical examination to evaluate for the presence of lung consolidation, which could be caused by cancer (solid mass) or pneumonia (fluid mass).

Why would you ask the patient to identify the pros and cons? I don’t get the approach here!

The wording of this question confused me. This is asking "which of these vessels is the high pressure system" right? So the high pressure superior rectal is causing increased pressure into the inferior rectal?

I think the idea here is simply that one should think about where vesicles are coming from on their way to the golgi complex.

"Two steps forward and one step back." Specfically the question may be referring to a rare craniofacial disorder. an awarenesss of that disease is not necessary. What is necessary is understanding the origin from where vesicles are traficked to the Golgi apparatus.

COPI protein is needed to coat vescles from the RER to send to golgi. Thus, with a mutation in that protein, the packaged proteins that should bleb off and be sent to the golgi, instead accumulate in the RER and dilate it. Thus the answer.

https://www.cell.com/ajhg/pdf/S0002-9297(16)30214-2.pdf