These individuals have a poluymorphism in the breakdown pathway of 6-MP. Like most polymorphisms in drug breakdown pathways, this will lead to buildup of toxic metabolites unless the drug dose is decreased (i.e. the 6-MP will be shunted into the pathway that makes the toxic 6-thioguanine).

6-MP and its prodrug azothioprine inhibit purine synthesis (FA2020 p36 and p440).

i got ring worm from a friend's cat and so my awful middle school experience helped me answer this question

First Aid 2019 page 622 stimulatory growth effects of testosterone include red blood cells. I think they expect us to know this.

Glucose is co-transported into enterocytes of SI via sodium

Fragile X syndrome is X-linked dominant inheritance associated with a trinucleotide repeat in FMR1 (FA2020 p62).

Even if you did not know this fact, fragile X syndrome (a disease affecting the X chromosome) should be X-liked of some sort.

Knowing the disease is X-linked, you can get to the answer because in the couple, the father is the only one with a family history of the disease. Whether the disease was X-linked recessive or X-linked dominant, if the father had the diseased X-chromosome he would have the disease (as males only have one X chromosome). Since the father does not have the disease, he does not have the chromosome and thus cannot pass it on. Thus, the chance of their child having the disease is 0%

Image from problem

Fluent speech, impaired comprehension → Fluent aphasia → Wernicke's area

Here are the others (as near as I could tell):

A: Broca's area → "Broken Boca" → would present with non-fluent speech with intact comprehension

B: ?

C, D: Motor cortex

E, F: Sensory cortex

G: ?

H: Wernicke's area

No idea what B or G are.

Here's a relevant image from Amboss

NAPQI is a toxic intermediate is formed by in small amounts by metabolism of acetaminophen. Depletion of hepatic glutathione stores by NAPQI leads to acute APAP toxicity and acute liver injury.