my approach to this question was to eliminate all the answer choices that mentioned specificity or sensitivity, since the data here did not provide information about any sort of screening test.

that left me with two possible answer choices: I eliminated the one about consistency of other studies, since no other studies were mentioned in the question stem.

not sure if I oversimplified things, but it led me to the right answer!

I chose anything that would help show a relationship strength: got rid of anything with specificity and sensitivity in it. Leaving only D and F: Temporal relationship sounds more in line with relationship than consistency of other studied. Also how would the consistency of other studies prove anything for the relationship between intervention and child language score in this study?

I do not know if that was 100% correct but I agree with eliminating answers contain sensitivity or specificity because that is not a screening test and eliminating other studies as they did not mention anything about other studies, here is what I think we here have 2 numerical values 9 interval variables ) so we will use statistical test person correlation as it needs 2 interval variable and graph done by the test will give us idea about strength of the correlation. temopral relationship ( temporality )means : tests whether the outcome occurs after the effect (e.g., surgical site infection occurs after incision of the skin) dose response relationship : tests whether greater exposure usually leads to a higher occurrence of the outcome (e.g., the greater the exposure to ionizing radiation, the higher the risk of malignancy) . and both can be applicable here . source : amboss.