NBME 21 Answers : Block 2 : #47 = A 55-year-old woman comes to the physician ...

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submitted by hayayah(983),

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Lba nindifgs uiencdl ↑ HPT eoressp(n ot olw c)clu,aim ↓ eurms iccluam nrea(l laifu)r,e ↑ rmues sohthpaep enra(l eal)riu,f nad ↑ aainlkle opatashphse PT(H itgtcainva soBesttos.la)

haliburton also remember that in renal failure, 1-alpha-hydroxylase activity is down, so there will be less activation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol to 1,25-hydroxycholecalciferol, which is a key mechanism causing hypocalcemia. +1

cr why not increased 25-hydroxycholecalciferol?, with the same logic haliburton explain +

nala_ula Increased phosphate, since the kidneys aren't working well, leads to the release of fibroblast growth factor 23 from bone, which decreases calcitriol production and decreased calcium absorption. The increase in phosphate and the decrease in calcium lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism. +1

privatejoker Probably a dumb question but how do we definitively know that the ALP is elevated if they give us no reference range in the lab values or Q stem? Everything stated above definitely makes sense from a physiological standpoint, I was just curious. +1

fatboyslim @cr the question asked "the patient's BONE PAIN is most likely caused by which of the following?" Increased levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol might exist in that patient, but it wouldn't cause bone pain. PTH causes bone pain because of bone resorption +1

suckitnbme @privatejoker ALP is included in the standard lab values +

makinallkindzofgainz @privatejoker ALP is listed under "Phosphatase (alkaline), serum" in the lab values +1

pg32 Why does AlkPhos increase in renal osteodystrophy? The PTH would be trying to stimulate bone resorption (increase osteoCLAST activity), not bone formation (osteoBLAST activity). +

drzed @pg32 the only way to stimulate an osteoclast in this case (e.g. via PTH) is by stimulating osteoblasts first (thru RANKL/RANK interaction), thus ALP increases. +1