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joha961
From a random paper I found, “Arguably p53’s most important function is to act as a transcription factor that directly regulates perhaps several hundred of the cell’s RNA polymerase II (RNAP II)-transcribed genes.” So normally it increases RNA pol binding; a mutation would decrease it.
estsosa
The TATA box is part of the promoter region site where RNA polymerase II and other transcription factors bind to DNA. A defect would therefore decrease binding of RNA polymerase.
mnemonia
Also you can reason it out (I got this wrong because you have to be really meticulous) since we know that loss of p53 = cancer. Cancer = want more cell division = don’t want inhibitory gene = less transcription of said gene.
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pipter
because raising the arm above the shoulder suggests abduction which would mean the axillary nerve is also involved. the lesion would be more proximal.
+3 2019-06-02T02:26:37Z
kchakhabar
I thought "up to the shoulder" is done by deltoid muscle (aka axillary nerve) and above is done by trapezius.
+3 2019-06-02T04:27:01Z
forerofore
as far as i can find, abduction ranges of motion, per first aid are:
0-15° = supraspinatus
15-90° = Deltoid
90° = trapezius
100° (over the head) = serratus anterior
in this question, they are directly telling you its not the serratus (long thoracic), because no option compromises it. Also, trapezius is innervated by cranial nerve XI, which is not a part of the brachial plexus, so, even though its worded weirdly, you can assume they are talking about deltoid disfunction.
so deltoid disfunction (axillary) + radial disfunction = posterior cord
+ 2019-07-21T01:39:03Z
goldenwakosu
I think it’s because meningiomas are able to calcify (aka sometimes they have psamomma bodies). I got this question wrong too but I totally did not completely register that the tumor was in the dura (interhemispheric fissure + central sulcus). Hope that helps!
+ 2019-06-01T22:37:51Z
pipter
the only reason I got this right was because they described the tumour as being near the falx cerebri.
+1 2019-06-01T22:38:44Z
fcambridge
Other hints include being described as round and seen in a female. Both indicative of Meningioma
+2 2019-06-07T20:17:49Z
niboonsh
also meningiomas typically present with seizures or focal neurological signs
+ 2019-06-26T18:24:32Z
Does anyone have any specific idea on the mechanism of the p53 mutation question regarding the TATA box (the one with the single amino acid conversion and the different hydrogen bonding)?
I chose the decreased binding of RNA polymerase on the TATA sequence of genes that inhibit cell division based solely on the fact that p53 is a tumor suppressor (aka mutated p53->less inhibition of division->multiple divisions).